.dbi-art-5e107b6b{margin:0;background:#f8f9fc}.dossier-back{padding:17px 24px;font:14px Arial;background:#edf0fa}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .dossier-back a{color:#41459b}.communication-article{--primary-blue:#5e5ed7;--dark-blue:#4456ac;--teal:#a9e2e4;--yellow:#ffeca7;--pink:#e73469;--light-gray:#f8f9fc;--text-color:#2f3b4b;--border-color:#dce3ed;font-family:'Poppins',Arial,sans-serif;line-height:1.7;color:var(--text-color);background:var(--light-gray);overflow-wrap:break-word;font-size:16px}
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.communication-article .article-hero-curve{position:absolute;bottom:-1px;width:100%;height:45px;background:var(--light-gray);clip-path:ellipse(100% 100% at 50% 100%)}.communication-article .article-body{background:white;margin:-29px auto 0;max-width:1200px;position:relative;border-radius:22px 22px 0 0;padding:42px 0 50px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .intro-block{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#f6f7fe,#f0f6f8);border-left:5px solid var(--primary-blue);padding:30px 34px;border-radius:18px}.communication-article .intro-block p:last-child{margin:0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .stats-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:19px;margin:32px 0}.communication-article .stat-card{padding:24px 18px;text-align:center;border-radius:16px;border:1px solid var(--border-color);box-shadow:0 9px 28px #4b4bb30b}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .stat-card strong{display:block;font-size:1.55rem;color:var(--primary-blue);font-family:Montserrat,Arial;font-weight:800}.communication-article .stat-card span{font-size:.85rem;color:#526074}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .contents{padding:24px 28px;border-radius:15px;background:#f6f7fc}.communication-article .contents strong{color:#3e4b96}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .contents ol{margin:13px 0 0;padding-left:23px}.communication-article .contents li{padding:4px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .key-points{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#eaf6f8,#c9eeee);padding:25px 30px;border-radius:17px;margin:30px 0}.communication-article .key-points h3,.communication-article .conseil-card h3,.communication-article .evaluation-tools h3{margin-top:0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article ul, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article ol{padding-left:24px}.communication-article li{margin:10px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .conseil-card{padding:26px 30px;background:#fff4cc;border:1px solid #eadba2;border-radius:17px;margin:30px 0}.communication-article .conseil-card p:last-child,.communication-article .tip-box p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:230px 1fr;align-items:center;gap:30px;padding:28px;border:1px solid #dde2f4;background:linear-gradient(130deg,#f6f6ff,#f3fbfc);border-radius:21px;margin:35px 0}.communication-article .product-card img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:15px;aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:contain}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card h3{margin-top:10px;font-size:1.5rem}.communication-article .small-label{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.07em;font-size:.73rem;font-weight:800;color:#4a55a8}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-meta{font-size:.84rem;color:#526078}.communication-article .btn-purple{display:inline-block;padding:12px 23px;border-radius:30px;background:#5151ba;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700;font-size:.9rem}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .table-scroll{overflow-x:auto;margin:25px 0}.communication-article table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:540px;font-size:.92rem}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article caption{text-align:left;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 12px;color:#424e6a}.communication-article th,.communication-article td{padding:17px 16px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid #dce3ed}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article th{background:#ebecfc;color:#3e428e}.communication-article tr:nth-child(even){background:#f8fafc}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .tip-box{background:#fff0f4;border:1px solid #efbfd0;padding:24px 28px;border-radius:16px;margin:28px 0}.communication-article .tip-box strong{color:#8c3154;display:block;margin-bottom:10px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .questions-card{border:1px solid #d5dfee;background:#f7f9fd;border-radius:16px;padding:20px 27px}.communication-article .questions-card li{padding:6px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .questions-card li::marker{font-weight:800;color:#5454bd}.communication-article .methods-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin:28px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .method-card{padding:23px;background:#f4f6ff;border:1px solid #d9dff5;border-radius:16px}.communication-article .method-card h3{font-size:1.17rem;margin:16px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .method-card p{font-size:.94rem}.communication-article .method-number{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;width:38px;height:38px;background:#e0e2fb;color:#4b4bb2;border-radius:11px;font-weight:800}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .evaluation-tools{padding:26px 30px;border:2px solid #b4dce0;border-radius:16px;margin:28px 0}.communication-article .training-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.2fr;gap:28px;align-items:center;padding:28px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#eef0ff,#e8f6f7);border-radius:22px;margin:55px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .training-card img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:15px}.communication-article .training-card h2{font-size:1.5rem;margin:12px 0 20px;border:0;padding:0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .training-card p{font-size:.94rem}.communication-article .faq-item{border:1px solid var(--border-color);border-radius:12px;margin:14px 0;overflow:hidden}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .faq-item summary{cursor:pointer;padding:20px 23px;font-weight:700;color:#444b91}.communication-article .faq-item[open] summary{background:#f3f4fc;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color)}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .faq-item>div{padding:22px 23px}.communication-article .faq-item p{margin:0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article 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solid var(--border-color);padding-top:25px;margin-top:28px}.communication-article .article-tags span{background:#f0f1fb;color:#444ca3;padding:7px 13px;border-radius:25px;font-size:.8rem}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article figure{margin:0}.communication-article figcaption{font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.6;color:#5d6881;text-align:center;padding:12px 8px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .souvenir-showcase{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.08fr 1fr;gap:32px;align-items:center;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#f8f4ff,#f1f9f9);padding:27px;border:1px solid #e1e3f2;border-radius:20px;margin:35px 0}.communication-article .real-page img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 10px 25px #30305d16}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .souvenir-notes h3{font-size:1.5rem;margin-top:12px}.communication-article .exercise-showcase{max-width:780px;margin:35px auto}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .exercise-showcase img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:16px;box-shadow:0 9px 28px #30305d17}.communication-article .series-showcase{max-width:500px;margin:30px auto 25px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .series-showcase img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:16px}
@media (max-width:760px){.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .container{padding:0 17px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-hero{padding:30px 0 75px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-body{padding:25px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .intro-block{padding:22px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article h2{font-size:1.55rem;margin-top:40px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .stats-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:11px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .stat-card{padding:15px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .stat-card strong{font-size:1.3rem}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .training-card, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .methods-grid, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .souvenir-showcase{grid-template-columns:1fr}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .training-card, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .souvenir-showcase{padding:21px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card .product-visual{max-width:220px;margin:auto}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .cta-box{padding:28px 20px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .cta-buttons{flex-direction:column;align-items:center}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-meta{gap:10px;flex-direction:column}}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple:link, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple:visited, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple:hover, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple:focus, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple:active{
color: #ffffff !important;
-webkit-text-fill-color: #ffffff !important;
background: #4d46b5 !important;
border: 2px solid #4d46b5 !important;
opacity: 1 !important;
text-decoration: none !important;
text-shadow: none !important;
}
.communication-article a.btn-purple:hover,
.communication-article a.btn-purple:focus-visible,
.communication-article a.btn-purple:active {
background: #39348c !important;
border-color: #39348c !important;
}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white:link, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white:visited, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white:hover, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white:focus, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white:active{
color: #39348c !important;
-webkit-text-fill-color: #39348c !important;
background: #ffffff !important;
border: 2px solid #ffffff !important;
opacity: 1 !important;
text-decoration: none !important;
text-shadow: none !important;
}
.communication-article a.btn-white:hover,
.communication-article a.btn-white:focus-visible {
background: #f0f1ff !important;
border-color: #f0f1ff !important;
}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline:link, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline:visited, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline:hover, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline:focus, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline:active{
color: #ffffff !important;
-webkit-text-fill-color: #ffffff !important;
background: #4d46b5 !important;
border: 2px solid #ffffff !important;
opacity: 1 !important;
text-decoration: none !important;
text-shadow: none !important;
}
.communication-article a.btn-outline:hover,
.communication-article a.btn-outline:focus-visible,
.communication-article a.btn-outline:active {
background: #39348c !important;
}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple *, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white *, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline *{
color: inherit !important;
-webkit-text-fill-color: inherit !important;
opacity: 1 !important;
}
.communication-article a.btn-purple,
.communication-article a.btn-white,
.communication-article a.btn-outline {
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
max-width: 100%;
min-height: 44px;
white-space: normal;
text-align: center;
line-height: 1.5;
}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-purple:focus-visible, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-white:focus-visible, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article a.btn-outline:focus-visible{
outline: 3px solid #232645 !important;
outline-offset: 4px;
}
.communication-article .cta-box a:focus-visible {
outline-color: #ffeca7 !important;
}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .multi-products{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px;margin:30px 0}.communication-article .multi-products .product-card{display:block;margin:0;padding:24px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .multi-products .product-visual{display:block;max-width:175px;margin:0 auto 18px}.communication-article .visual-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:22px;align-items:start;margin:35px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .visual-grid figure{padding:16px;background:#f5f7fc;border:1px solid #e0e5ef;border-radius:17px}.communication-article .visual-grid img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:10px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .support-links{display:flex;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:20px 0 30px}.communication-article .support-links a{padding:7px 13px;border-radius:22px;background:#eef1fa;text-decoration:none;font-size:.84rem;font-weight:600;color:#3b428e}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .sources-mini{margin:35px 0 0;font-size:.85rem;color:#59667c}.communication-article .sources-mini h2{font-size:1.1rem;border:0;padding:0;margin:15px 0}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .sources-mini p{font-size:.85rem}.communication-article .product-card p{font-size:.93rem}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-body{padding-bottom:40px}.communication-article .ideas-list li{margin-bottom:18px}@media (max-width:760px){.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .multi-products, .dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .visual-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .visual-grid{gap:17px}}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card{grid-template-columns:minmax(250px,.9fr) 1.2fr}
.communication-article .product-card .product-visual{display:block;padding:10px;background:#fff;border-radius:16px}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card img{aspect-ratio:auto;max-height:390px;object-fit:contain}
.communication-article .sequence-showcase{margin:38px 0;padding:23px;border:1px solid #dbe2ef;background:#f5f8fc;border-radius:20px}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .sequence-showcase img{display:block;width:100%;max-height:540px;object-fit:contain;height:auto;border-radius:12px}
.communication-article .sequence-showcase figcaption{max-width:800px;margin:auto}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-body{padding-bottom:40px}
.communication-article .sources-mini{margin-top:32px;padding-top:16px;border-top:1px solid #dce3ed}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .sources-mini h2{border:0;font-size:1.12rem;padding:0;margin:16px 0}
.communication-article .sources-mini p,.communication-article .sources-mini li{font-size:.84rem;line-height:1.75}
.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .sources-mini li{margin:7px 0}
.communication-article .intro-block+.contents{margin-top:26px}
@media (max-width:760px){.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card{grid-template-columns:1fr}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .product-card .product-visual{max-width:450px;width:100%}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .sequence-showcase{padding:16px}}
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section[id]{scroll-margin-top:30px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-hero{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#5e5ed7,#5268c9);color:white;padding:48px 0 100px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.communication-article .article-breadcrumb{display:flex;gap:11px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:.8rem;margin-bottom:27px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .article-breadcrumb a{color:white}.communication-article .article-category{display:inline-block;background:var(--teal);color:#253e78;padding:8px 17px;border-radius:30px;font-size:.83rem;font-weight:700}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,4.6vw,3.25rem);font-weight:800;margin:23px 0 25px;color:white;max-width:1010px}.communication-article .hl{color:var(--yellow)}.dbi-art-5e107b6b .communication-article .hero-intro{font-size:1.1rem;max-width:860px;line-height:1.8}.communication-article .article-meta{display:flex;gap:20px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:.8rem;opacity:.95;margin-top:24px}.dbi-art-5e107b6b 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图像和替代沟通
替代和增强沟通：为亲属提供的初步方法
一个人可以通过将词汇、手势、物体、照片或数字媒介结合起来进行沟通。替代和增强沟通，通常称为CAA，包含了根据需求补充或支持表达和理解的方式。
选择工具只是过程的一部分。还需要考虑个人如何访问这些工具，他们希望表达什么，以及他们的伙伴如何回应。MON DICO可以作为这些支持的一部分，提供与日常生活相关的个性化服务。
理解可以结合多种方式的过程
CAA并不要求放弃可用的语言。一个人可以在某些情况下说话，而在其他情况下使用图像。一个熟悉的手势、一张纸板和一个应用程序也可以共存。
ASHA的指导原则强调，不必等待一般的年龄或能力前提条件就可以考虑CAA。这并不减少适当评估的重要性：访问方式和支持必须与个人相匹配。
从我们希望能够表达的内容出发
从用户重要的情境开始，而不仅仅是成年人想要验证的需求。请求帮助、拒绝、评论照片或谈论亲人是不同的沟通功能。
您可以记录下个人已经在寻求表达的场合，以及他们的信息仍然难以理解的场合。这个清单将帮助选择初始支持，而不会将他们的词汇量长期限制在一些实用请求上。
与相关伙伴一起检查对支持的访问
查看图像、理解其代表的内容并选择它们是不同的问题。在这些维度中的任何一个存在困难都可能改变对支持的选择。合格的专业人员可以帮助评估可能性并尝试解决方案。
- 这些表现对个人有意义吗？
- 在常用场所页面是否可见？
- 选择方式是否足够可访问？
- 伙伴们是否知道如何验证信息？
- 当个人希望说话时，工具是否仍然可用？
学习如何成为沟通的伙伴
周围的人可以展示在真实情境中使用图像的方式，留出时间并回应表达的信息。个人不必独自完成使工具对他人可理解的所有工作。
准备第一个情境
一起选择一个日常活动，在其中做出选择是有帮助的。准备好表示、请求其他事物的方法以及确认的方式。然后观察哪些有效，哪些需要调整，并得到团队的支持。
给予尝试和发展的空间
今天尝试的支持可以发展。用户可能会发现其他主题，要求更多的词汇或需要其他的访问方式。将这些可能的发展保留在项目中，而不是将第一页视为最终版。
DYNSEO培训使得能够处理伴随情况的姿态和特性。MON DICO提供图像和例程；它们的价值取决于与个人的使用和手段的对应。
常见问题
当我们已经会说一点时，可以使用CAA吗？
可以。它可以在某些情况下补充语言。手段并不排斥，根据个人的需要进行选择。
是否应该从应用程序开始？
应用程序是众多支持中的一种可能性。物品、纸张图像和手势也可以成为该过程的一部分。
谁可以帮助选择合适的手段？
个人、其亲属和相关专业人员，特别是根据情况的语言治疗师，可以参与评估和尝试。
准备您的下一个沟通情境
选择一个具体情境，然后选择适合个人的姿态和支持。培训和MON DICO可以支持这一准备。
深入了解
- ASHA — 替代和增强沟通（英文） : 关于伴随或沟通的参考资源。
- MON DICO官方网站 : 功能和支持的介绍。
- DYNSEO培训计划 : 课程内容和方式。
所提供的情境和示例是与个人及其沟通伙伴一起调整的准备线索。
这些内容对您有帮助吗？支持 DYNSEO 💙
我们是一个由14人组成的小团队，总部位于巴黎。13年来，我们一直在免费创作内容，以帮助家庭、言语治疗师、养老院和护理专业人员。
您的反馈是我们了解这项工作对您是否有用的唯一途径。一条谷歌评论可以帮助我们触达其他需要帮助的家庭、护理人员和治疗师。
一个动作，30秒：给我们留下一条谷歌评论 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐。不需要任何成本，但对我们意义重大。
